Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs
<p>Journal of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (JLUMHS) Jamshoro, Pakistan, publishes original research articles, reviews articles and case reports on medical and health sciences topics.</p> <p>JLUMHS is a peer reviewed open access journal and has been published quarterly (4 issues per year) since July 2002.</p> <p>It agrees to accept manuscripts prepared in accordance with the “Uniform Requirements for submission of manuscripts for biomedical journals adopted by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), updated October 2001 (Refer JLUMHS July – December 2002 issue).</p>Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciencesen-USJournal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences1729-0341<p><span id="m_-8439229129138740232yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1488432955502_5037"></span>Submission of a manuscript to the journal implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the undertaking form or the Terms and Conditions. <br /><br /><strong>When an article is accepted for publication, the author(s) retain the copyright and are required to</strong> <strong>grant the publisher the right of first publication and other non-exclusive publishing rights </strong><strong>to JLUMHS.</strong><br /><br />Articles published in the Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & health sciences are open access articles under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/&source=gmail&ust=1683276405501000&usg=AOvVaw179qREylvpN2_OHzTtDZmp"><strong>Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial - Share Alike 4.0 License</strong></a>. This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium; provided the original work is properly cited and initial publication in this journal. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. In addition to that users are allowed to remix, tweak and build upon the work non-commercially as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Or, in certain cases it can be stated that all articles and content there in are published under creative commons license unless stated otherwise. </p>Untangling the Complexity: Understanding Disorder of Sex Development in Pakistan - Challenges and Strategies for Effective Management
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1156
<p>Untangling the Complexity: Understanding Disorder of Sex Development in Pakistan - Challenges and Strategies for Effective Management</p>Versha Rani Rai
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2023-12-282023-12-282204221222Motor imagery promising technique for Rehabilitation of Patients with Parkinson's disease: A Systematic Review
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1088
<p>Recent research has suggested that motor imagery may be helpful for the Rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Using MI, a movement can be imagined without muscles being activated. MI induces plastic changes in the motor cortex, improving motor performance. This systematic review was designed to examine the effects of MI on the physical rehabilitation of people with Parkinson's disease. Five databases were used to identify similar studies using selected keywords. This review assessed the "methodological quality of each randomized control trial study" using the eleven-point Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, widely used to rate physiotherapy "literature". The benefits of using MI to treat patients with PD were identified in this review. Seven studies were identified; 6 studies reported motor function, two studies worked on bradykinesia, two on balance and two reported impairments in Gait in PD using MI. The included studies had small samples, varied methodological approaches, and varied quality from good to fair. According to the current review, MI provides more significant benefits for Parkinson's patients than conventional physical therapy alone when used along with other therapeutic methods for improving motor function and balance.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Rehabilitation, Parkinson's disease, Motor imagery, systematic review</p>Muhammad KashifAshfaq AhmadKiran BashirMaryam FarooqSaba MaqboolIqra Nadeem
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2023-12-282023-12-282204223230Neurological Problems during Hajj Season: Review
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1085
<p>Worldwide gatherings at religious festivals raise the possibility of disease transmission among attendees and the local populace. The enormous gathering of pilgrims may impact the country's health system. Infectious diseases with epidemic characteristics threaten global health security, demonstrating the significance of preparedness for any public health catastrophe. This literature review describes the extensive neurological disorders related to hajj pilgrims and the importance of preventive methods to control these diseases. Our systematic review was conducted from many sources, including credible websites and journals. We found about 23 articles about the most common neurological disease in hajj pilgrims. A clear result was observed about increased incidents of meningitis as a global health neurological disease related to hajj pilgrims of total PubMed indexed publications studies, and one review article was done in 2019. This review study summarizes the neurological health challenge from infectious, non-infectious to stroke mimics presentation and the heatstroke prevalence in Hajj and the process of how the body adaption to heat stress may influence the body systems and brain function to be reported the most common presentation may mimic to a neurological cause.</p> <p>KEYWORDS: Religious Festivals, Neuro-infectious, Stroke, Heatstroke, Hajj, Makkah</p>Amal AlkhotaniNada M. AlamoudiNorah T. AlmuwalladMohammad O. Abu ZahirahNouf A. Alatawi
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2023-12-282023-12-282204231236Game Changing Biomarkers in Chemical Pathology - That Reshaped Diagnostics
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1285
Sibtain AhmedSaher Shafiq
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204316317Prevalence of Stigma among Medical Care Providers towards Patients with Schizophrenia and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1145
<p>OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the stigma among medical care providers towards people with<br />Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and the factors associated with increased stigma among them.<br />METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study design was used to determine the prevalence of stigma among medical professionals toward patients with Schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Participants were from one of the best hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), in which 283 of their medical care providers were randomly selected using the RAOSOFT calculator technique. All medical care providers at King Abdullah Medical City were included. Medical care providers who refused to participate were excluded. Data entered, cleaned, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22.<br />RESULTS: The study clarified that medical care providers have less stigmatization towards patients suffering from OCD (53%) than their stigma towards patients with Schizophrenia (54.4%). The study found that (26.4%), and (1.4%) of physicians felt comfortable dealing with OCD and schizophrenic patients, respectively, while (28.2%) and (11.2%) of nurses felt comfortable dealing with OCD and schizophrenic patients, respectively. <br />CONCLUSION: The study concluded that the stigma towards patients with Schizophrenia is higher than it is towards patients with OCD; this stigma is higher among physicians than nursing staff. <br />KEYWORDS: Cross-sectional, Stigma, Schizophrenia, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Medical care providers, Medical City.</p>Mohamed Osman ElaminHatim Matooq BadriWahaj A. Khan
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2023-12-282023-12-282204237242Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Its Determination and Correlation with Relevant Factors
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1131
<p>OBJECTIVE: To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with Cirrhosis of the liver using a short form of liver disease quality of life (SF-LDQOL) instrument, also to correlate HRQOL scores with relevant factors.<br />METHODOLOGY: This prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out in the medical department of Civil Hospital Karachi from May 2021 to April 2022. One hundred ninety-seven confirmed cases of Cirrhosis from either gender over 18 years of age without malignancy, HIV infection, or Psychiatric/Neurological diseases were enrolled using convenient sampling. The SF-LDQOL instrument assessed HRQOL, summarizing overall disease-targeted HRQOL (0 to 100), where a higher score shows good HRQOL or otherwise.<br />RESULTS: Using SPSS version 23, the SF-LDQOL score was 44±7.3. The severity of liver cirrhosis by CTP-A correlated weakly (-0.1294), while CTP B and CTP C strongly correlated with SF-LDQOL scores (-0.9894 and -0.9912), respectively. The p-value for CTP A (0.705) is insignificant; however, for CTP B and C (p < 0.00001 & p < 0.00001) is significant. Demographically, the age and income status correlated strongly to SF-LDQOL scores, displaying considerable p-values (p <0.00001 and p < 0.00001).<br />CONCLUSION: Most patients had compromised HRQOL as assessed by well-validated and more disease-specific tool SF-LDQOL score. HRQOL correlated positively with the severity of Cirrhosis by applying CTP and Model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) scoring. Sociodemographic parameters of age and income status also correlated well with HRQOL. <br />KEYWORDS: Cirrhosis of the liver, Child Turcotte Pugh, Model of end-stage liver disease, Health-related quality of life.</p>Iftikhar Haider NaqviMuhamad SalmanSadia Siddiqui
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204243249Online Neurobiology Course - An Emergent Plan during the Pandemic
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1112
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To obtain student's perceptions of the online neurobiology course conducted during the pandemic.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the MD3 (year 4) students. One hundred thirty-three students enrolled in the neurobiology course submitted their responses to the study. The survey was administered as a questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale to record the student's perception of the different aspects of the course. Descriptive and Chi-square analyses were employed among the variables. Data was statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze students' perceptions of how the online course was administered. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test results for all survey items (p=0.000) indicate that participant responses were not normally distributed. Chi-square (Inferential statistical procedures) were employed to test hypotheses exploring associations among variables.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The feedback analysis reflected that the students reacted positively to the modified teaching interventions and assessments. Most of the students were satisfied with the mode of delivery of the course and rated the course highly.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> The survey results indicated that the online neurobiology course successfully addressed the course learning outcomes. Lessons from these experiences and taking advantage of educational technologies can help design technology-aided blended learning courses to enhance teaching in the upcoming academic years.</p>Smitha Elizabeth KoreMiriam Archana SimonNitin VishwakarmaNajam Siddiqui
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204250255Potential Candidacy for Liver Transplantation among Chronic Liver Disease Patients Presenting to Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1058
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To determine the frequency of potential candidates for liver transplantation among decompensated chronic liver parenchymal disease patients.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY: </strong>This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medicine at Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from September 2021 to February 2022. The study included 200 patients with decompensated chronic liver parenchymal disease. Their eligibility for liver transplantation was determined by calculating the MELD-Na score for each of them. Eligibility for liver transplant was correlated with a higher MELD-Na score (>25). Data were collected and entered in SPSS 25.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> 168 of the 200 patients comprised those with viral hepatitis B or C (84%); 73.21% of these were hepatitis C positive, and 26.8% were hepatitis B positive; this was followed by patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (8%). 62.5% (5% of the total sample size) were HBV positive, and 37.5% (3% of the entire sample size) were HCV positive; however, HCC secondary to viral hepatitis was taken as an independent indication for a liver transplant. 4% of the patients had autoimmune hepatitis, 2% had NAFLD, and 2% were attributed to other causes. Of the 200 patients, 5% had MELD-Na score <u><</u>9; 19% had MELD-Na score 10-19; 36% had MELD-Na score 20-29; 39% had MELD-Na score 30-39; 1% had MELD-Na score <u>></u>40.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Many patients with DCLPD are potential candidates for liver transplantation. Hence, measures are needed to establish a liver transplant centre in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.</p>Aliena BadshahDurkho Atif
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204256259Impact of Number of Prenatal Visits on Breastfeeding Practices
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1125
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To determine the impact of several prenatal visits on breastfeeding practices during the first six months of infant life.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY</strong>: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Darul-sehat Hospital Karachi from August 2021 to July 2022 among pregnant females (36-40 weeks of gestation) regardless of their parity. Multiple pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death and medical disorders were excluded. A Convenient Non-probability sampling technique is used for the selection of participants. Participants were divided into three groups according to their number of prenatal visits. <4, 4-8, >8 and followed three times after childbirth to assess their breastfeeding practices. The first follow-up was done within 48 hours of delivery, the second at three months, and the third after six months of delivery. Each visit is assessed for three breastfeeding practices: exclusive, mixed, or bottle feeding. SPSS version 23 was used for analysis.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Two hundred ten participants were interviewed. 78.6% were well-informed about breastfeeding during antenatal visits. Mean antenatal clinic visits of studied samples were 6 (6 -8).7.1% were found with less than four antenatal visits, 68.1% with 4-8 visits, and only 24.8% had more than eight antenatal clinic visits. The percentage of exclusive feeding is highest in group 3 (>8 visits) i,e; 52.3%, followed by 43% in 4-8 visits and lowest at 4.7% in < 4 antenatal clinic visits samples.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> More antenatal visits favorably influence BF practices regarding the commencement and continuation of breastfeeding.</p>Aliya NasimFarhan SaeedFarzana AzharErum Saboohi
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2023-12-282023-12-282204260266Frequency of Gestational Diabetes among Women presenting with Premature Rupture of Membranes
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1238
<p><strong>Objective</strong><strong>:</strong> To evaluate the frequency of gestational diabetes among women who experience premature rupture of membranes</p> <p><strong>Methodology</strong><strong>: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mohammad Teaching Hospital Peshawar, from October 2021 to February 2022. One hundred fifty-five patients were selected from the Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department. Women presenting with premature membrane rupture, within the reproductive age of 15-45 years, and with a gestational period beyond 37 weeks were included. Women with a history of failed inductions and those with twin pregnancies confirmed by ultrasound were excluded. A consecutive sampling of 155 females with premature rupture of membranes and screening them for gestational diabetes mellitus. The SPSS (version 22.0) was used for statistical analysis. Categorical variables, including gestational diabetes, parity, and gravidity, were summarized using frequencies and percentages. We conducted post-stratification analysis using the chi-square test, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><strong>: </strong>The average age of the patients was 27.2±5.7 years, with the majority (49.7%) falling within the age range of up to 25 years. The mean parity was 2.49±1.84. Overall, we diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus in 24.5% of the patients.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of gestational diabetes mellitus in cases of premature rupture of membranes is familiar in our population. We recommend conducting further studies to identify risk factors and develop preventive strategies before formulating recommendations for its prevention.</p>Kousar Robeen
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2023-12-282023-12-282204267271Association of Thrombocytopenia and C-reactive Protein in COVID-19 Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1142
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>This study evaluates the frequency and relationship between Thrombocytopenia and CRP levels in Covid-19 patients.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY: </strong>The cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Blood Diseases from October 2021 to September 2022. Data was collected from existing data from the blood bank and hematology laboratory. <em>C reactive protein (</em>CRP) and complete blood count (CBC) levels were observed in Covid-19 patients. Both genders, all age groups, COVID-19 patients and patients having Thrombocytopenia and raised levels of CRP were included in this study. At the same time, other bone marrow transplant patients and other infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Dengue, and Malaria were excluded from this study. <em>Statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS 20.0 version.</em></p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Out of 844 patients, the mean age was 50 years, and the male proportion was high at 70% (n=590). Most patients, 95% (n=803) had grade 1 thrombocytopenia. The mean age was found to be higher (>50 years) in Grades 1 and 2 as compared to Grades 3 and 4, where we found (<40 years). A significant (p=0.002) mean age difference among grades was found. No significant (p=0.749) median difference in CRP among Grades were found.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>The current study shows that COVID-19 significantly increases C-reactive protein levels. While treating and managing the patients of COVID-19, it is essential to detect the biomarkers that can predict the severity and prognosis of this disease.</p>Shaheen KouserFarah Fatima AbbasNehad KhanWaqas Ahmed FarooquiSaba KamilRamsha Khan
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2023-12-282023-12-282204272276Metabolic Storage Disorders at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1099
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To determine the clinical spectrum of metabolic storage disorders presenting to a public sector tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, in 2021. We reviewed the medical records of patients from January 2015 to December 2020. We included all pediatric patients admitted with suspicion of metabolic storage disorders based on two or more: visceromegaly, developmental delay, regression of milestones, fits without fever, family history of similar illness, and family history of expiry of children due to unknown reasons. Patients of malaria, enteric fever, epilepsy and cerebral palsy were excluded. We noted the demographic and clinical variables and applied descriptive statistics using SPSS version 22.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Out of n=140 suspected children, n=40 (28.5%) patients were diagnosed with metabolic storage disorder. Among these, 26 (65%) were Lysosomal, and 14 (35%) were Glycogen storage disorders (LSDs and GSDs). The most common clinical feature of LSDs was faltering growth in 23 (88.4%), while for GSDs, it was abdominal distention and hepatomegaly in 100% of patients. Mucopolysaccharidoses were the most common type of LSD identified in 9 (34.6%). Interestingly, family history of similar illness was not a standard feature (19.2% for LSDs and 7% for GSDs).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Metabolic storage disorders are an emerging concern to pediatric health in our population. Physicians need to keep a high index of suspicion for patients with faltering growth and visceromegaly, with or without a significant family history.</p>Sharmeen NasirAisha MehnazAmmarah JamalMuhammad RafiqueYousuf YahyaAmber Kamran
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2023-12-282023-12-282204277281Eosinopenia and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in COVID-19 Infection, a Prospective Study from Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1069
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE</strong>: To assess eosinopenia and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients admitted with COVID-19 infection and correlate with pneumonia severity.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY</strong>: This prospective observational study was conducted at Covid HDU of Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, from October - December 2021. Data was collected using convenience sampling. The inclusion criteria were patients between 18-70 years with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and positive RT-PCR. Patients with negative RT-PCR with alternate diagnosis, history of using a corticosteroid, pancreatic or esophageal malignancy, and recent burn were excluded. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS</strong>: Out of 141 patients, 66(46%) were classified as non-severe covid and 75(53.9%) as severe covid pneumonia. A significant association between eosinopenia and COVID severity was observed. The NLR was significantly increased in severe COVID patients compared to non-severe patients. Similarly, eosinophil was decreased considerably in severe covid compared to non-severe patients (p-value<0.05). The area under the eosinopenia ROC curve is 0.71 and 0.69 on days 7 and 3, respectively. Thus, eosinopenia on day 7 was fair in predicting severe COVID-19 pneumonia compared with increased NLR, which was poor in predicting severe COVID-19. Using the area under the ROC curve, an eosinophil count cutoff of < 100 cells/mm3 produced a sensitivity of 75% for severe COVID-19 pneumonia.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION</strong>: Eosinopenia and elevated NLR were found with increased frequency in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia; however, persistent eosinopenia was a better marker than NLR in predicting COVID-19 infection severity.</p>Syed Muhammad KashifWish Hal SunderRashid QadeerDarshan KumarGul AnumRavi Kumar
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204282287Anxiety, Depression, and Perceived Social Support in Patients with Transfusion Dependent Beta Thalassemia Major
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1117
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the frequency and severity of depression and anxiety, social support and demographic characteristics that could be associated with their disease.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study with TD-BTM patients was conducted from four different thalassemia centres (Kashif Iqbal, HELP, Saylani, and Omair Sana Foundation) located in Karachi from December 2018 to May 2019, 197 young (8-18 years) males and 203 (50.8%) young females requiring at least one unit of packed red cells in a month were included with the convenient sampling technique. Psychometrically standardized tests were used.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven percent patients suffered severe depression, and a majority (44.2%) had high anxiety. Male patients, patients with comorbid conditions, and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly more significant <em>depression</em>; and male patients, patients with no schooling and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly greater <em>anxiety</em>. Patients who were schooled belonged to lower socioeconomic status and were not satisfied with their treatment had significantly more significant support from <em>family</em>. Patients who were schooled and had no comorbid conditions were significantly supported by <em>friends</em>. Finally, patients with comorbid conditions were significantly supported by <em>others</em>.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the TD-BTM patients we sampled, most suffered from anxiety and less so with depression. Most patients had strong family support, followed by friends and others. Assessment of depression, anxiety and social support are discussed in the context of psychotherapeutic interventions, which could attenuate full-blown mental disorders in these patients.</p>Sumbul AsimShagufta NaqviMaria Ali SoomroVeena Kumari KarmaniMehreen MehmoodMisbah SharifSyeda Zainab Sultan BukhariIram WahidAnum KhatianNisha TalatSyed Sanowar AliMahadev Harani
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2023-12-282023-12-282204288294Ultrasound Findings in Adult Patients with Chronic Shoulder Pain Having No History of Trauma
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1138
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To evaluate the frequency of non-traumatic chronic shoulder pain sonographically in the local population.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital Malir, from March to October 2020<strong>.</strong> A history of shoulder pain of more than one-month duration was included. Patients with a History of shoulder dislocation, neurological, renal, hepatic and cardiac diseases were excluded. The sample size was 196. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> 196 patients (69.9% males and 30.1% females) with non-traumatic shoulder pain (56.4 % right side and 43.4% left) were scanned. The mean age was 42.80±11.20 years. Out of 196, 118(60.2%) were having complaints in dominant limbs (right 51.0% and left 9.2%); 78(39.8%) were having pain in non-dominant limbs (right 6.6% and left 33.2%). Significant findings were supraspinatus partial tear (46.9%), sub-acromial sub-deltoid bursitis(8.2%), and biceps tenosynovitis(6.1%), adhesive capsulitis, a complete tear of supraspinatus tendon, impingement syndrome, joint effusion, subscapularis tendon tear and tenosynovitis. 44(22.4%) patients had two pathologies, and 31 (15.8%) patients had three pathologies, respectively. Significant co-existent findings were biceps tenosynovitis (13.8%), Impingement syndrome (9.2%), bursitis (8.2%) and joint effusion (7.1%). Age and number of pathological were moderately positively correlated, <em>r </em>(194) = 0.46, <em>p < 0.01</em> and keeping CI = 95%.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Partial tears of the supraspinatus tendon were the most common pathology in non-traumatic shoulder myalgia, diagnosed on ultrasound, followed by sub-acromial sub-deltoid bursitis and biceps tenosynovitis, having moderate linear relation with age.</p>Madiha ImtiazKhawaja Muhammad Baqir HassanShakil SarwarAhmed MushtaqTalat YasmeenSumera Tabassum
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2023-12-282023-12-282204295299Use of Electronic Media and its Association with Teenager's Behavior: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study in Community Clinics of Karachi
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1143
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>To estimate the proportion of electronic media usage among teenagers and identify the association between behavior and the use of electronic media.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY: </strong>An analytical cross-sectional study conducted from December 2021 to February 2022. A sample of teenagers (n=340) were selected from primary care clinics of Chanesar Goth and Hijrat Colony, Karachi. Participants were questioned regarding their daily usage of media. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was administered to assess the behavior. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>350 teenagers were enrolled in the study, and the gender distribution was almost equal. Daily usage of media included Television(88.9%), videogames(47.4%), computer/laptop(79%), mobile phone(90.3%) and tablet(20.9%). The content viewed were movies (68.9%), Facebook (72%) and Chats/WhatsApp (76.6%). The mean of total difficulty score in our study population was 19.1 (SD: 4.8). On multivariate analysis, higher difficulty score was positively associated with increasing age (Beta: 0.428, 95% Cis: 0.070 -0.785, p-value: 0.019) and total screen time (Beta: 0.003, 95% Cis: 0.001 -0.005, p-value: 0.036) while difficulty score was negatively associated with male gender (Beta: -1.223, 95% Cis: -2.441 -- -0.005, p-value: 0.049).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Our population's media exposure and difficulty scores are higher than those of other populations. Media exposure needs to be reduced to control psychosocial problems.</p>Zainab Mohammad AnjarwalaAnum Arshad BegYousaf AliVeena Kumari KarmaniSundus AliSidra Kanwal
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2023-12-282023-12-282204300305Nursing Intervention Including Meditation and Physiotherapeutic Treatment in Post PCI Chest Pain (Non-Ischemic)
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1043
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of nursing educational interventions on patients with post PCI non-ischemic chest pain.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY: </strong>This experimental study was conducted from December 2017 to May 2018 on 100 post PCI patients. Patients who came with post PCI non-ischemic chest pain and on initial screening on the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) patients scored 5 to 10 were included. Those who had post PCI ischemic chest pain with complications were excluded from the study. The Short McGill Pain Questionnaire (SMPQ) was used to assess the effectiveness of nursing educational interventions. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Percentages were used for categorical variables, and inferential statistics were calculated using the Mann-Whitney Test. Median and range were calculated at baseline, week two, week four and week six for experimental and non-experimental groups. A P-value of <u><</u>0.05 was considered significant.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> This study showed that most participants (74%) were males, and almost all (99%) were married. The P-value is significant at different intervals between the experimental and control groups at two, four and six weeks with P-values <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>The findings of this study revealed that nursing interventions help to reduce post PCI non-ischemic chest pain levels. This study demonstrates that after nurse-led educational interventions, there were significant differences in scores between interventional and non-interventional groups at different levels after PCI. </p>Subia NazHakim ShahAmin KhuwajaAmjad AliAbdur Rasheed
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
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2023-12-282023-12-282204306310Comparison of Isokinetic Strength Parameters of Quadriceps in Athletes and Non-Athletes
http://ojs.lumhs.edu.pk/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1160
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>To compare the quadriceps isokinetic strength parameters of athletes and non-athletes.</p> <p><strong>METHODOLOGY:</strong> The cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2019 at the Pakistan Sports Board, Islamabad. The sample size was 81, selected through a non-probability convenience sampling technique and calculated by the Rao Soft tool. The 41 participants were in the athletes' group, and 40 were in the non-athletes' group. Individuals with a history of sprain, strain, or fracture in the lower limbs within the last six months were excluded. The self-structured questionnaire includes demographic data, waist-to-hip ratio, thigh circumference, peak torque values and agility t-test score. The isokinetic strength of the right lower limb (RLL) was measured via Biodex system Pro 3. Data was analyzed through SPSS 22, and an independent t-test was applied for analysis between groups. Pearson test was used for the correlation coefficient.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Athletes had significantly higher quadriceps muscle strength than non-athletes (p<0.001), indicating the positive impact of regular sports participation and physical training. Quadriceps peak torque positively correlated with thigh circumference (r=0.60, p<0.001), consistent with previous studies. Surprisingly, athletes exhibited a weak to moderate negative correlation between quadriceps peak torque and agility (r=-0.35, p<0.05), suggesting a potential trade-off between muscle mass and agility performance. Increased muscle bulk may compromise speed and flexibility.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Athletes demonstrated superior quadriceps muscle strength, emphasizing the positive influence of sports involvement and physical training; thigh circumference positively correlated with Quadriceps peak torque, and Agility negatively correlated with quadriceps peak torque.</p>Aamir Gul MemonMuhammad Faheem AfzalMuhammad Manan Haider KhanShard Kumar BansariAqeel SaeedMuhammad Sanaullah
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
2023-12-282023-12-282204311315